October 15, 2016

Born on this date
Happy Birthday, Angela Nixon and Princess Maganda!

950 years ago
1066

Britannica
Edgar II was proclaimed King of England by the Witenagemot, the day after the death of King Harold II in the Battle of Hastings. King Edgar II was never crowned, and reigned until December 10, 1066.

200 years ago
1816

Born on this date
John Robertson. U.K.-born Australian politician. Sir John moved to Australia with his family in 1820. He was first elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1856, and served five terms as Premier of New South Wales (1860-1861, 1868-1870, 1875-1877, August-December 1877, 1885-1886). Sir John was known for his support of political and land reforms. He died on May 8, 1891 at the age of 74.

120 years ago
1896
Born on this date
Clarence Pitt. U.S. baseball player. Mr. Pitt was an outfielder who played 11 seasons (1918-1928) in the minor leagues, batting approximately .320 with 8 home runs in at least 811 games. He was with the Baltimore Orioles when they won the International League pennant in 1923. Mr. Pitt died on December 24, 1969 at the age of 73.

100 years ago
1916

Born on this date
Al Killian. U.S. musician. Mr. Killian was a jazz trumpeter in various big bands, and briefly led his own band. He was a member of Duke Ellington's orchestra for the last three years of his life, which ended at the age of 33 on September 5, 1950, when he was murdered by his landlord in a case of mistaken identity.

Died on this date
Gordon Southam, 30. Canadian athlete and military officer. Major Southam, the son of Hamilton Spectator publisher William Southam, excelled at cricket, rugby, hockey, and tennis, and was named "best all around athlete at the University of Toronto in 1907. He served in the Canadian Field Artillery's 8th Brigade in World War I, and was killed in the Battle of the Somme in France.

80 years ago
1936

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Harry West, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Empty House

75 years ago
1941

War
Moscow radio reported that Russian troops had abandoned Kallinin, 100 miles northwest of the capital. Barricades were erected in Moscow.

Diplomacy
Japanese naval intelligence director Captain Hideo Hiraide said in Tokyo that Japanese-American relations "are now approaching the final parting of the ways," and declared, "the Imperial Navy is itching for action."

Defense
U.S. Navy Secretary Frank Knox disclosed that the Navy was making plans for the censorship of outgoing communications from the United States.

Politics and government
The Cuban Senate sent to the House of Representatives bill passed the previous day postponing to March 15, 1942 the congressional elections for 57 Representatives and one Senator scheduled for December 1, 1941.

Protest
1,000 University of Georgia students paraded before the state capitol in Atlanta in protest against Governor Eugene Talmadge, whom they accused of responsibility for the expulsion of the university from the Southern University Conference.

Economics and finance
U.S. Office of Production Management Civilian Supply Director Leon Henderson ordered autommobile production in January 1942 reduced by "at least 51%" to 204,848 cars.

Labour
The American Federation of Labor convention in Seattle ousted George Browne, on trial in New York on charges of extorting $550,000 from the motion picture industry, from his position as 11th vice president of the AFL.

Football
CRU
WIFU
Winnipeg (5-1) 12 @ Vancouver (1-7) 0

Art Stevenson led the Blue Bombers with a touchdown, convert and single. Nate Shore scored the other Winnipeg touchdown. This was the last game the Grizzlies ever played. The Vancouver entry in the WIFU fared so poorly on the field and at the gate in its only season that the city didn't re-enter the WIFU until 1954.

70 years ago
1946

Died on this date
Hermann Göring, 53. German politician. Reichsmarschall Göring was a flying ace in World War I before becoming an early and leading member of the Nazi Party. He held numerous posts in the regime of Fuehrer Adolf Hitler, including commander-in-chief of the Luftwaffe from 1935-1945. At the Nuremberg trial of accused Nazi war criminals, Reichsmarschall Göring was convicted of conspiracy; waging a war of aggression; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. The night before he was to be hanged, Reichsmarschall Göring committed suicide by consuming a potassium cyanide capsule.

Diplomacy
The Siamese parliament approved the cabinet's decision to return to French Indochina four border areas transferred to Siam by the Vichy French regime during World War II.

Politics and government
U.K. Viceroy of India Sir Archibald Wavell named five Muslim members to the Indian Executive Council after the Muslim League announced its decision to participate in the government. V. Acharya Kripalani became president of the All-India Congress Party following the resignation of Jawaharlal Nehru and the withdrawal of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad as a candidate.

Law
The United Nations Security Council voted 11-0 to adopt Resolution 9, stating that a nation that was not a member of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) could voluntarily bring a case before the ICJ so long as that nation committed to abiding by the Court's ruling.

Science
Dr. Glenn Seaborg of the University of California at Berkeley revealed the discovery of a new element--neptunium 237--which could be split like uranium 235 and plutonium.

Economics and finance
The U.S. Office of Price Administration estimated that only 15% of the family food budget was still under price restraints, as director Paul Porter ordered a list of items drawn up for control the next month.

Labour
Congress of Industrial Organizations President Philip Murray announced the formation of the Coordinating Committee of the Conference of Progressives, which would set policy for a number of liberal groups.

In a U.S. National Labor Relations Board election, striking Duquesne Light Company employees voted for an independent company union by an overwhelming majority over American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization unions.

Baseball
World Series
Boston Red Sox 3 @ St. Louis Cardinals 4 (St. Louis won best-of-seven series 4-3)

Enos Slaughter scored from first base on a double by Harry Walker in the bottom of the 8th inning to break a 3-3 tie and give the Cardinals the win before 36,143 fans at Sportsman's Park. Mr. Walker's hit was fielded by Boston center fielder Leon Culberson, who had replaced Dom DiMaggio after Mr. DiMaggio had twisted an ankle after doubling home 2 runs in the top of the inning to tie the game. Mr. Culberson threw to shortstop Johnny Pesky, who hesitated before throwing to catcher Roy Partee, up the line to third base and too late to tag Mr. Slaughter as he slid home with the winning run. Murry Dickson started on the mound for St. Louis and allowed 5 hits and 3 earned runs in 7+ innings; he was relieved by Harry Brecheen, who allowed Mr. DiMaggio's game-tying double and surrendered singles by Rudy York and Bobby Doerr to begin the 9th inning, but was able to retire the next three batters to preserve the lead and pick up his third win of the series. Bob Klinger, the third of four Boston pitchers, took the loss.



60 years ago
1956

Diplomacy
Egyptian Foreign Minister Mahmoud Fawzi charged in a letter to the United Nations Security Council that France and Britain were "persevering in the military and economic measures which they initiated" after Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal.

Hungarian Premier Erno Gero arrived in Belgrade to begin talks with Yugoslavian officials on restoration of ties between the two countries' Communist parties.

Popular culture
Petra Schurmann, Miss Germany, was chosen Miss World at the international pageant in London.

Defense
An Iraqi military delegation concluded talks in Amman on miltary aid to Jordanian forces. Israeli Prime Minister David Ben Gurion told the Knesset that Israel would preserve its "freedom of action" if Iraqi troops entered Jordan.

U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower ordered the Commerce Department and the Atomic Energy Commission to start work on an atomic-powered merchant vessel at a cost of over $40 million.

Economics and finance
U.S. President Eisenhower authorized Congress to continue U.S. assistance to Yugoslavia, urging further economic aid "primarily in the form of foodstuffs," but recommended continued suspension of military deliveries until "the situation can be more accurately appraised."

Labour
The United States Supreme Court upheld the right of private companies to oust workers for pleading the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution at congressional hearings.

Energy
U.S. President Eisenhower initiated construction of the Upper Colorado River Storage Project when he pressed telegraph keys in the White House detonating explosive charges to begin the Glen Canyon and Green River dams.

Technology
Fortran, the first modern computer language, was shared with the coding community for the first time.

Psychology
Columbia University psychologist Otto Klineberg released the findings of 18 leading U.S.social scientists showing that Negro intellectual capacity was not inferior to that of whites.

Society
Racial segregation of all sports in Louisiana (both for players and spectators) became legally enforceable under a new state law.

Football
CRU
WIFU
British Columbia (6-8) 22 @ Calgary (2-11) 21
Winnipeg (8-6) 11 @ Edmonton (10-4) 21

Johnny Bright scored 2 touchdowns and Normie Kwong added another as the Eskimos defeated the Blue Bombers at Clarke Stadium. Joe Mobra added 2 converts and a single, and Jackie Parker punted for a single.

ORFU
The Ontario Rugby Football Union dropped the Rochester Royals from the league. The Royals, a first-year expansion team and the first American franchise in Canadian senior football, suffered from financial problems, and had last played on September 28, when they lost 21-8 to Toronto Balmy Beach in Toronto to drop to 0-5. Games scheduled to be played at home on October 10 against the Sarnia Golden Bears and in London against the Lords on October 13 had been cancelled.

50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Yellow Submarine/Eleanor Rigby (7th week at #1)

#1 single in France: Noir, C'est Noir--Johnny Hallyday (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Strangers in the Night--Frank Sinatra (5th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Yellow Submarine--The Beatles (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Little Man--Sonny and Cher (2nd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Distant Drums--Jim Reeves (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Reach Out I'll Be There--Four Tops

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 Reach Out I'll Be There--Four Tops
2 96 Tears--? (Question Mark) & the Mysterians
3 Last Train to Clarksville--The Monkees
4 Cherish--The Association
5 Black is Black--Los Bravos
6 Cherry, Cherry--Neil Diamond
7 Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby, Standing in the Shadow?--The Rolling Stones
8 Psychotic Reaction--Count Five
9 I've Got You Under My Skin--The 4 Seasons
10 What Becomes of the Brokenhearted--Jimmy Ruffin

Singles entering the chart were I Can't Control Myself by the Troggs (#57); Don't Be a Drop-Out by James Brown and the Famous Flames (#66); Rain on the Roof by the Lovin' Spoonful (#69); Secret Love by Billy Stewart (#73); Nineteen Days by the Dave Clark Five (#77); Don't Answer the Door (Part 1) by B.B. King (#84); A Symphony for Susan by the Arbors (#86); Respect by the Rationals (#88); The Wheel of Hurt by Al Martino (#89); Rosanna by the Capreez (#92); Wish You Were Here, Buddy by Pat Boone (#94); Clock by Eddie Rambeau (#95); Happiness by the Shades of Blue (#96); Cry Softly by Nancy Ames (#100); and I (Who Have Nothing) by Terry Knight and the Pack (also #100).

Politics and government
The U.S. Department of Transportation was created with a bill signed by President Lyndon Johnson.

Crime
The Black Panther Party was created in Oakland by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale.

Football
CFL
Montreal (6-6) 27 @ Toronto (3-9) 11
Saskatchewan (8-5-1) 22 @ British Columbia (4-9) 21

Tha Alouettes rushed for 239 yards and passed for just 94 as they clinched a playoff spot before 16,000 fans at CNE Stadium and eliminated the Argonauts from playoff contention for the fourth straight year. Don Lisbon, Ron Everett, and Ron Howell scored touchdowns for Montreal, while Peter Kempf added 3 converts and 2 field goals. Quarterback Wally Gabler scored the Toronto touchdown, while John Vilunas added a field goal and single, and Dave Mann punted for a single.

Bill Mitchell was wide for a single point on a field goal attempt in the last minute of play, allowing the Roughriders to defeat the Lions before 34,163 fans at Empire Stadium in Vancouver. Jim Worden, George Reed, and Henry Dorsch scored Saskatchewan touchdowns, all converted by Jack Abendschan, who added a single on a wide field goal attempt. Bill Munsey scored 2 B.C. touchdowns, while Dave Moton scored the other, and Mr. Mitchell kicked 2 converts.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Don't Go Breaking My Heart--Elton John and Kiki Dee (7th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Daddy Cool--Boney M (5th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Daddy Cool--Boney M

Died on this date
Carlo Gambino, 74. Italian-born U.S. gangster. Mr. Gambino, a native of Palermo, Sicily, entered the United States illegally in 1921 and joined the ranks of organized crime, eventually becoming head of the Gambino crime family from 1957 until his death from a heart attack.

Politics and government
Democrat Party candidate Walter Mondale and Republican Party candidate Bob Dole faced off in the first ever debate between U.S. vice-presidential nominees.



Defense
The Canadian Department of National Defence announced plans to buy 128 West German-made Leopard tanks for $184 million, with delivery to start in July 1978.

Crime
Two men from the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) were sentenced to 35 years in prison in connection with the July 1975 murders of three members of the Irish music group Miami Showband.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Joey Killer--Magnus Uggla (4th week at #1)

Science
University of Toronto professor John Polanyi was named a joint winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry, sharing it with Americans Dudley Herschbach and Yuan Lee for their study of energy produced by chemical reactions.

Literature
Former Québéc Premier René Lévesque's book Attendez que je me Souvienne (Wait Until I Remember) was published. In English it was published under the title Memoirs.

Baseball
National League Championship Series
New York 7 @ Houston 6 (16 innings) (New York won best-of-seven series 4-2)

The Astros struck for 3 runs off New York starting pitcher Bob Ojeda in the 1st inning, and were 3 outs away from tying the series when the Mets rallied for 3 runs off Houston starter Bob Knepper and reliever Dave Smith in the top of the 9th. Each team scored a run in the 14th, with the Astros' run coming on a home run by Billy Hatcher. The Mets scored 3 in the top of the 16th, and the Astros scored 2 in the bottom of the inning and had runners on first and second bases when winning pitcher Jesse Orosco (3-0) struck out Kevin Bass to end the game before an Astrodome crowd of 45,718 after 4 hours and 42 minutes. Aurelio Lopez (0-1) took the loss.



American League Championship Series
California 1 @ Boston 8 (Boston won best-of-seven series 4-3)

The Red Sox scored 3 unearned runs in the bottom of the 2nd inning and got a 3-run home run from Jim Rice in the 4th as 33,001 fans at Fenway Park saw the Red Sox win their first AL pennant in 11 years. Roger Clemens (1-1) was the winning pitcher over John Candelaria (1-1).



25 years ago
1991

Diplomacy
Baltic leaders Arnold Rüütel of Estonia, Anatolijs Gorbunovs of Latvia, and Vytautas Landsbergis of Lithuania signed the OSCE Final Act in Helsinki.

Law
The United States Senate voted 52-48 in favour of the Clarence Thomas as the latest member of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Energy
The "Oh-My-God particle", an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray measured at 40 million times that of the highest energy protons produced in a particle accelerator, was observed at the University of Utah HiRes observatory in Dugway Proving Ground, Utah.

10 years ago
2006

Football
CFL
Winnipeg (8-8) 29 @ Hamilton (4-13) 22

Kevin Glenn completed touchdown passes to Derick Armstrong, Kwame Cavil and Charles Roberts as the Blue Bombers defeated the Tiger-Cats before 24,955 fans at Ivor Wynne Stadium. Hamilton took a 22-17 lead into the 4th quarter.



British Columbia (11-5) 25 @ Calgary (10-7) 32

Henry Burris completed 21 of 37 passes for 307 yards and 2 touchdowns, while also rushing for a touchdown, to lead the Stampeders over the Lions before 33,546 fans at McMahon Stadium, clinching second place in the West Division.



CIS
Concordia 18 @ Laval 21

Cameron Takacs kicked a 23-yard field goal on the last play of regulation time to give the Rouge et Or their victory over the Stingers at PEPS Stadium in Quebec City.



Baseball
National League Championship Series
New York 12 @ St. Louis 5 (Best-of-seven series tied 2-2)