October 22, 2016

1,275 years ago
741

Died on this date
Charles Martel, 53 (?). Duke and Prince of the Franks, 718-741. Duke Charles, the illegitimate son of Pepin of Herstal, succeeded his father, and was de facto ruler of Francia. He has been credited with a seminal role in the development of Frankish feudalism, but is best known for defeating invading forces of the Umayyad Caliphate in the Battle of Tours (732). A year before his death, Duke Charles divided the kingdom between his sons Carloman and Pepin, the latter of whom was the father of Emperor Charlemagne.

275 years ago
1741

Died on this date
Willem IV, 40. Prince of Orange and Prince of Orange-Nassau, 1711-1751. Willem IV was Prince of Orange and Prince of Orange-Nassau from birth, six weeks after the accidental drowning of his father Johan Willem Friso. Willem IV was Stadtholder of Friesland, Stadtholder of Groningen, and Stadtholder of Guelders before becoming the first hereditary Stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands in 1747, serving until his death from a stroke. He was succeeded in his existing titles by his son Willem V.

270 years ago
1746

Academia
The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) received its charter.

180 years ago
1836

Politics and government
Sam Houston was inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas.

170 years ago
1846

Communications
The Toronto, Hamilton, Niagara, and St. Catharines Electro-Magnetic Telegraph Company, Canada's first, was founded in Toronto, with Thomas Harris as president.

130 years ago
1886

Baseball
World Championship Series
Chicago White Stockings 3 @ St. Louis Browns 10 (St. Louis led best-of-seven series 3-2)

The White Stockings' regular pitchers were tired or injured, and the Browns refused them permission to use a minor league recruit, so shortstop Ed Williamson and outfielder Jimmy Ryan pitched for Chicago.

125 years ago
1891

Born on this date
Parker Fennelly. U.S. actor. Mr. Fennelly played crusty New England characters in numerous radio and television programs and in several movies, including The Trouble with Harry (1955). He died on January 22, 1988 at the age of 96.

Died on this date
Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, 45. Austrian physiologist. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow was a professor at the University of Vienna who became known for his important investigations on the electrical activity of nerves and the brain, and was also an inventor of new devices which were widely adopted in clinical medicine and physiological research. As a research assistant in his early years, he accidentally cut his thumb while dissecting a cadaver, resulting in amputation, and addiction to morphine and heroin as a reaction to continuing pain. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow was a close friend of Sigmund Freud, who recommended cocaine as a treatment for his morphine addiction. Dr. Fleischl-Marxow followed Dr. Freud's advice, became addicted to cocaine, and returned to the use of morphine, hastening his death.

120 years ago
1896

Born on this date
José Leitão de Barros. Portuguese film director. Mr. Leitão de Barros was a painter, journalist, and playwright, but was primarily known for his films, often in the genres of historical fiction and ethnography. His movies included Maria do Mar (1930); A Severa (1931)--Portugal's first all-talking film--and Ala-Arriba! (1942). Mr. Leitão de Barros died from a retroperitoneal tumour on June 29, 1967 at the age of 67.

80 years ago
1936

On the radio
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, starring Louis Hector and Harry West, on MBS
Tonight's episode: The Bruce-Partington Plans

Economics and finance
Canada signed her first trade treaty with Germany.

75 years ago
1941

Died on this date
Guy Môquet, 17. French Communist. Mr. Môquet was one of 49 French resistance members executed on the orders of General Heinrich von Stulpnagel, German commander in occupied France, in reprisal for the assassination two days earlier of Lieutenant General Paul Hotz, commander of German forces in Nantes.

War
The British government announced Royal Air Force raids on Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Denmark, France and North Africa the previous night and that day. German authorities seized 100 more French hostages in reprisal for the previous night's slaying of Major Hans Gottfried Reimers in Bordeaux. General Robert E. Wood of the America First Committee challenged U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to ask Congress for a declaration of war.

Economics and finance
U.S. Commerce Secretary Jesse Jones announced that the Export-Import Bank had granted Mexico a $30-million credit for road improvement and the completion of an international highway to Central and South America.

Labour
The Congress of Industrial Organizations United Mine Workers of America ordered a strike at midnight October 25 in soft coal mines owned by seven steel companies to back up its demand for a closed shop.

70 years ago
1946

Abominations
Operation Osoaviakhim took place, recruiting thousands of military-related technical specialists from the Soviet occupation zone of post-World-War-II Germany for employment in the U.S.S.R.

Protest
U.S. tanks patrolled Seoul after a mob protesting the arrest of left-wing leader Moon Eun-chong tried to kill Seoul's chief of police.

Defense
The U.S. War Department revealed that Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan General Douglas MacArthur had been asked for a report on the morale of troops in the Pacific after numerous complaints of clashes between U.S. soldiers and civilians in Europe and Asia.

Politics and government
The Soviet newspaper Pravda announced the appointment of Georgi Malenkov as one of eight vice chairmen of the Council of Ministers, the main U.S.S.R. executive organ.

The U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Un-American Activities subpoenaed Gerhard Eisler, charged with former Communist Louis Budenz with being a Soviet agent.

Labour
Meeting for the second day, the U.K. Trades Union Congress adopted a report urging a goal of 100% union membership in all industries and barring jurisdictional disputes within factories.

Disasters
Two British destroyers were damaged, with 40 sailors killed or missing, when they struck mines off the coast of Albania.

60 years ago
1956

World events
French authorities arrested five Algerian nationalist leaders, including Mohammed Ben Bella, whose Moroccan-chartered transport plane was diverted during a flight from Morocco to Tunisia and landed near Algiers by its French crew.

Defense
U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles said in a televised interview that he did not anticipate sending U.S. forces to East Germany or Poland to counter possible Soviet military moves against the new Polish regime.

Crime
The Colorado Supreme Court upheld the murder conviction of John Gilbert Graham, sentenced to die for the 1955 dynamiting of a United Air Lines plane in which 44 people, including his mother, died.

Disasters
48 workers in Karachi, Pakistan were killed and 28 injured when a 200-ton concrete girder fell on them as they worked on a harbour construction project.

Football
CRU
WIFU
Saskatchewan (9-6) 19 @ Calgary (4-11) 29
British Columbia (6-10) 13 @ Edmonton (11-4) 54

Johnny Bright scored 3 touchdowns, Jackie Parker scored 2, and Normie Kwong, Earl Lindley and Rollie Miles each scored a touchdown for the Eskimos as they routed the Lions at Clarke Stadium to clinch first place for the fourth straight year. Joe Mobra converted 6 of the 8 touchdowns.

ORFU
The Ontario Rugby Football Union ruled that the September 28 game in Toronto between Toronto Balmy Beach and Rochester Rockets, which had resulted in a 21-8 win for Balmy Beach, would be stricken from the record. The ORFU had dropped the financially-troubled expansion Rockets from the league on October 15. At the time, the Rockets had a record of 0-5 and their two most recent games had been cancelled. The Rockets had lost twice to Balmy Beach and once each to the Kitchener-Waterloo Dutchmen, Sarnia Golden Bears, and London Lords. By striking the September 28 game from the record, each of the four remaining teams would have each played one game against Rochester. The move resulted in changing Toronto's record from 7-3 after October 20 games to 6-3, and Rochester's final record was recorded as 0-4. I don't know if individual statistics from the September 28 game were also stricken from the record.

50 years ago
1966

Hit parade
#1 single in Australia (Kent Music Report): Yellow Submarine/Eleanor Rigby (8th week at #1)

#1 single in France: Noir, C'est Noir--Johnny Hallyday (4th week at #1)

#1 single in Italy (FIMI): Strangers in the Night--Frank Sinatra (6th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Yellow Submarine--The Beatles (4th week at #1)

#1 single in the Netherlands (De Nederlandse Top 40): Little Man--Sonny and Cher (3rd week at #1)

#1 single in the U.K. (New Musical Express): Distant Drums--Jim Reeves (5th week at #1)

#1 single in the U.S.A. (Billboard): Reach Out I'll Be There--Four Tops (2nd week at #1)

U.S.A. Top 10 (Cash Box)
1 96 Tears--? (Question Mark) & the Mysterians
2 Last Train to Clarksville--The Monkees
3 Reach Out I'll Be There--Four Tops
4 Psychotic Reaction--Count Five
5 Have You Seen Your Mother, Baby, Standing in the Shadow?--The Rolling Stones
6 Cherish--The Association
7 Walk Away Renee--The Left Banke
8 Cherry, Cherry--Neil Diamond
9 Poor Side of Town--Johnny Rivers
10 What Becomes of the Brokenhearted--Jimmy Ruffin

Singles entering the chart were Good Vibrations by the Beach Boys (#61); Look Through My Window by the Mamas and the Papas (#69); Who Am I by Petula Clark (#71); I'm Ready for Love by Martha and the Vandellas (#79); It Tears Me Up by Percy Sledge (#82); A Day in the Life of a Fool by Jack Jones (#85); Louie, Louie by the Sandpipers (#86); Somebody (Somewhere) Needs You by Darrell Banks (#87); Stop Stop Stop by the Hollies (#88); Holy Cow by Lee Dorsey (#89); Bang! Bang! by the Joe Cuba Sextet (#92); These Things Will Keep Me Loving You by the Velvelettes (#93); The Willy by the Willies (#97); Heaven Must Have Sent You by the Elgins (#100); and Run, Run, Look and See by Brian Hyland (also #100).

Space
The U.S.S.R. launched the lunar probe Luna 12.

World events
George Blake, who in 1961 had been sentenced to 42 years in prison in Britain for spying for the U.S.S.R., escaped from Wormwood Scrubs Prison in London; he eventually made his way to Moscow.

Football
CFL
Hamilton (9-4) 31 @ Montreal (6-7) 14
Edmonton (6-8-1) 33 @ Saskatchewan (8-6-1) 21

Joe Zuger rushed for a touchdown and threw TD passes to Dave Viti, Hal Patterson, and Tommy Grant to lead the Tiger-Cats over the Alouettes before 17,000 fans at Molson Stadium. Don Sutherin converted all 4 touchdowns and added a 28-yard field goal. Don Lisbon and Bob Paremore scored Montreal touchdowns, both converted by Peter Kempf.

Tommy-Joe Coffey scored a touchdown, 4 converts, field goal, and single as the Eskimos ended a 6-game winless streak before 18,000 fans at Taylor Field in Regina. Jim Thomas, Butch Pressley, and Trent Walters scored the other touchdowns for the Eskimos, who rushed for 242 yards. Hugh Campbell tied a league record with his 16th touchdown reception of the season. Al Ford and Gord Barwell scored the other Saskatchewan touchdowns, all converted by Jack Abendschan.

40 years ago
1976

Hit parade
#1 single in New Zealand: Don't Go Breaking My Heart--Elton John and Kiki Dee (8th week at #1)

#1 single in West Germany (Media Control): Daddy Cool--Boney M (6th week at #1)

#1 single in Switzerland: Daddy Cool--Boney M (2nd week at #1)

Music
The Who concluded their North American tour with a concert at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto.

Weather
Calgary received its first snow of the season.

Politics and government
Cearbhall O'Dalaigh resigned as President of Ireland in a dispute over anti-terrorism laws; he was replaced on November 9 by Patrick Hillery.

Health
Red Dye No. 4 was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration after it was discovered that it caused tumours in the bladders of dogs.

30 years ago
1986

Hit parade
#1 single in Sweden (Topplistan): Joey Killer--Magnus Uggla (5th week at #1)

Died on this date
Albert Szent-Györgyi, 93. Austro-Hungarian-born U.S. physiologist. Dr. Szent-Györgyi was awarded the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid."

Ye Jianying, 89. Head of State of the People's Republic of China, 1978-1981. Marshal Ye, born Ye Yiwei, held various positions in the Communist regime before serving as Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1978-1983.

Jane Dornacker, 39. U.S. musician, actress, and broadcaster. Miss Dornacker sang lead and played keyboards with several rock groups and acted in plays in San Francisco, and later became a traffic reporter on radio in New York. She was in the middle of filing a report for WNBC when the helicopter piloted by Bill Pate plunged into the Hudson River. He survived, but she died on the way to the hospital.

Politics and government
Premier Bill Vander Zalm led his Social Credit Party to victory in the British Columbia Provincial election, as Social Credit took 47 of 69 seats in the Legislative Assembly. The New Democratic Party, led by Bob Skelly, won the remaining 22 seats.

Business
Montreal-based Dominion Textile announced its withdrawal from South Africa in support of Canada's anti-apartheid policies

Baseball
World Series
New York Mets 6 @ Boston Red Sox 2 (Best-of-seven series tied 2-2)

Gary Carter hit 2 home runs and drove in 3 runs for the Mets. New York starting pitcher Ron Darling (1-1) allowed just 4 hits and no runs over 7 innings to get the win, while Boston starter Al Nipper (0-1) allowed 3 runs--all earned--in 6 innings to take the loss before 33,920 fans at Fenway Park.



25 years ago
1991

Died on this date
Hachiro Kasuga, 67. Japanese singer. Mr. Kasuga, born Minoru Watabe, was regarded as the first singer in the genre of music known as enka. He had numerous hit records from the late 1940s through the early '60s, and continued to perform until his death from cirrhosis of the liver and cardiopulmonary failure, 13 days after his 67th birthday.

Baseball
World Series
Minnesota 4 @ Atlanta 5 (12 innings) (Minnesota led best-of-seven series 2-1)

The Braves led the Twins 4-1 after 6 innings before 50,878 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium in the first World Series game ever played in Atlanta, but the Twins rallied for 1 in the 7th and 2 in the 8th. Not used to playing without a designated hitter (the game was played in a National League park, hence no DH), Minnesota manager Tom Kelly almost ran out of players as the game dragged along. Mark Lemke singled home David Justice from second base with 2 out in the bottom of the 12th to end the game after a then-record 4 hours and 4 minutes.



Nippon Series
Seibu Lions 1 @ Hiroshima Toyo Carp 0 (Seibu led best-of-seven series 2-1)

20 years ago
1996

Economics and finance
The Godfrey-Milliken bill was introduced in the Canadian House of Commons by Liberal MPs John Godfrey (Don Valley West) and Peter Milliken (Kingston and the Islands) in response to the U.S. Helms-Burton Act. The Canadian bill said that 3 million Canadian descendants of 80,000 uprooted loyalists from the time of the American Revolution had a right to compensation for their confiscated property. The bill was not passed.

Labour
General Motors and the Canadian Auto Workers settled a three-week strike that had idled workers at the GM plants in Oshawa, Ontario and Boisbriand, Quebec.

Baseball
World Series
New York Yankees 5 @ Atlanta Braves 2 (Atlanta led best-of-seven series 2-1)

Bernie Williams' 2-run home run highlighted a 3-run 8th inning as the Yankees beat the Braves before 51,843 fans at Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium. Mr. Williams scored 2 runs and drove in 3. David Cone (1-0) allowed 4 hits and 1 run--earned--to win the pitchers' duel over Tom Glavine (0-1), who allowed 4 hits and 2 runs--1 earned--in 7 innings.



Nippon Series
Yomiuri Giants 2 @ Orix BlueWave 5 (Orix led best-of-seven series 3-0)

The Blue Wave scored 4 runs in the bottom of the 2nd inning to break a 1-1 tie and coasted to victory over the Giants before 33,026 fans at Green Stadium Kobe. Shane Mack and Toshihisa Nishi hit solo home runs for the Giants.

10 years ago
2006

Died on this date
Arthur Hill, 84. Canadian-born U.S. actor. Mr. Hill, a native of Melfort, Saskatchewan, won a Tony Award for his starring role in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1963), and appeared in numerous movies, but was probably best known for starring in the television series Owen Marshall: Counselor at Law (1971-1974). He died of Alzheimer's disease.

Transportation
A Panama Canal expansion proposal was approved by 77.8% of voters in a Panamanian national referendum.

Baseball
World Series
St. Louis Cardinals 1 @ Detroit Tigers 3 (Best-of-seven series tied 1-1)

The Tigers scored 2 runs in the bottom of the 1st inning and Kenny Rogers allowed just 2 hits in pitching 8 scoreless innings as the Tigers beat the Cardinals before 42,533 fans at Comerica Park. Craig Monroe hit a solo home run with 1 out in the 1st to open the scoring. Detroit first baseman Carlos Guillen hit a single, double, and triple, with a base on balls, run, and run batted in.